Goals To examine the efficacy of sexual risk reduction interventions among South African youth. at delaying sexual intercourse and among sexually active youth at increasing condom use. A single study found reductions in the incidence of herpes simplex computer virus-2 but not HIV. Conclusions Implementing behavioral interventions to delay sexual debut and improve condom use can help to reduce the transmission of HIV NU-7441 (KU-57788) among South African youth. interventions work and is critical for the development of effective interventions that are targeted and tailored to South African youth. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the state-of-the-science concerning the success of behavioral interventions to reduce sexual risk behaviors and the incidence of STIs among South African youth. Intervention success at modifying sexual behaviors was inferred from studies’ NU-7441 (KU-57788) reports of delaying sexual activity and among sexually active youth increased condom use as well as reduced quantity of sexual partners and incident STIs. Therefore we hypothesized that South African youth who received a behavioral sexual risk reduction or educational intervention would delay sexual intercourse and among those who are sexually active would increase condom use decrease the quantity of sexual partners and lower the incidence of STIs compared to control participants. We evaluated the durability of the improvements over time as well as whether these improvements had been influenced by test characteristics treatment duration and content material. We expected that interventions (vs. settings) would be more successful in reducing sexual risk behaviors when they sampled (a) males due to young South African women’s limited power in associations [12] (b) fewer alcohol users as NU-7441 (KU-57788) alcohol use including misuse and dependence is definitely associated with sexual risk-taking behaviors [13 14 and (c) youth engaging in lower levels of risk at baseline (i.e. fewer sexual partners protected vaginal/anal sex). In evaluating the treatment content we focused on identifying the degree to which interventions resolved contextual issues (e.g. gender inequalities alcohol use) associated with risky sexual behavior among youth in South Africa. METHODS Search Strategy Inclusion Criteria and Study Selection We looked electronic reference databases (and the Africa*) (youth adolescent*) (alcohol drink* binge) (HIV AIDS (human being immu* computer virus) (acquired immu* deficien* syndrome) STI STD (sexually sent an infection*) (sexually sent disease*) condom sex* risk*). During January 2013 the electronic guide databases had been researched. Studies had been included if indeed they (1) targeted South African youngsters aged 9-26 using a mean age group ≥12 years to make sure that the research targeted youngsters rather than kids (2) examined a NU-7441 (KU-57788) behavioral intimate risk reduction involvement (3) reported at least one risk-related final result (e.g. unsafe sex) (4) supplied sufficient details to calculate impact sizes and (5) had been released (including electronic magazines) between 2007 and early 2013. Because we had been interested in identifying the efficiency of current behavioral HIV interventions we included research released before 5 years. Guide parts of relevant manuscripts (including released reviews attained through the digital reference data source search) had been also reviewed. Of Dec 2012 were included research that satisfied the inclusion criteria and were obtainable through the finish. When writers reported information and/or outcomes of the treatment in multiple manuscripts the studies were linked in the database and displayed as NU-7441 (KU-57788) a single study. The manuscript reporting the NU-7441 (KU-57788) main trial results was selected as the primary study; the publication day Kir5.1 antibody from the primary study was used to determine eligibility. Therefore we included 10 studies (= 11) from 9 published manuscripts (Number 1).[15-23] Number 1 Selection process for study inclusion in the meta-analysis Coding and Reliability Two self-employed coders [LAJSS PW] rated the study information sample characteristics (e.g. gender) design and measurement specifics (e.g. recruitment strategy) and size and content material of control and treatment condition (e.g..